Transformers are crucial components in power systems, responsible for altering voltage levels to efficiently transmit electrical energy during power distribution. When selecting a transformer type, engineers often consider factors such as performance, safety, environmental impact, and adaptability. Dry type transformers and oil-immersed transformers are two common types, each with unique characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages, depending on specific applications. Characteristics and Advantages of Dry Type Transformers Characteristics: Advantages: Disadvantages: Characteristics and Advantages of Oil-Immersed Transformers Characteristics: Advantages: Disadvantages: Factors to Consider When Choosing Unique Features and Applications

The Working Principle of Oil-Immersed Distribution Transformers Oil-immersed distribution transformers consist of the following main components: Core: The core is made up of stacked silicon steel sheets, forming a magnetic circuit.Windings: Windings are made of copper wire and are wound around the core. The high-voltage winding is on the outer side, while the low-voltage winding is on the inner side.Oil Tank: The oil tank surrounds the windings and core, providing cooling and insulation.The working principle of oil-immersed distribution transformers is as follows: High-voltage current flows through the high-voltage winding, creating a magnetic field in the core. The magnetic field passes through the low-voltage winding, inducing current in the low-voltage winding. Low-voltage current is then supplied from the low-voltage winding. Advantages and Disadvantages of Oil-Immersed Distribution Transformers Oil-immersed distribution transformers have the following advantages: High Efficiency: Oil-immersed distribution transformers typically operate at an efficiency of 90% or higher. Long Service Life: These transformers generally have a service life of 20 years or more. Reliable Operation: Oil-immersed distribution transformers exhibit good resistance to interference and can operate in various environmental conditions. However, they also come with certain disadvantages: Large Size: These transformers are usually quite bulky in terms of size. Heavy Weight: Oil-immersed distribution transformers tend to be heavy due to their construction. High Maintenance Costs: Regular maintenance is required for these transformers to ensure their proper functioning. How to Choose an Oil-Immersed Distribution Transformer When selecting an oil-immersed distribution transformer, several factors need to be considered: Capacity: The transformer’s capacity should meet the load requirements. Voltage Rating: The voltage rating of the transformer should match the voltage level of the electrical grid. Installation Method: The installation method of the transformer should be compatible with the site conditions. Maintenance of Oil-Immersed Distribution Transformers Regular maintenance is essential for oil-immersed distribution transformers to ensure their longevity and reliable performance. Maintenance tasks include: Oil Level Check: The oil level should be maintained within the designated range on the oil tank. Oil Quality Check: The oil should be clear and free from impurities. Insulation Testing: Insulation testing should meet relevant standards and requirements. In summary, oil-immersed distribution transformers are vital components of electrical distribution systems, and their proper selection and maintenance are critical for ensuring a reliable and efficient power supply.

City construction and high-rise buildings: Application Scenario: Dry-type transformers are commonly used in urban construction to supply power to high-rise buildings, commercial centres, office buildings, etc.Advantages: Due to their oil-free design, they do not generate oil pollution in urban environments and their relatively small size makes them suitable for installation inside buildings. Industrial Sector: Application scenarios: industrial equipment, manufacturing lines, large machinery and equipment, etc.Advantages: Dry-type transformers are more adaptable to environmental conditions and are not easily affected by factors such as dust and moisture. Their high reliability and low maintenance requirements make them ideal for industrial applications. Commercial and Public Facilities: Application Scenarios: Commercial buildings, hospitals, schools, shopping centres, etc.Advantages: Due to its oil-free and non-polluting characteristics, the dry-type transformer is suitable for public places with high requirements for environmental friendliness and safety. Their relatively low maintenance costs also meet the needs of commercial facilities. Wind and solar power stations: Application Scenario: Dry-type transformers are commonly used for converting and boosting power in wind and solar farms.Advantages: In the renewable energy sector, dry-type transformers are favoured due to their fire resistance and low maintenance requirements. Their reliability and long service life are particularly important for power stations located far from cities. Special environmental and safety requirements: Application scenarios: Underground facilities (e.g. metro stations, underground car parks), flammable or explosion-endangered locations.Advantages: Due to the fire resistance of dry-type transformers, they are relatively safe for use in flammable environments. In underground applications, their oil-free design also reduces the risk of oil contamination.

Working Principle Transformer is made according to the principle of electromagnetic induction and static transmission ofAC electrical energy and change the AC voltage device. If in a certain winding is applied at both ends of a power source, then an alternating current will flow in that winding an AC current will flow. Under the action of this AC current action, an alternating magnetic flux will be excited in the iron core. This alternating flux will induce an AC voltage in all the windings.This voltage is called induced voltage. If a load is connected to both ends of another winding the closed circuit formed by the winding and the load, an alternating current will flow in the closed circuit formed by the winding and the load, an alternating current will flow. This achieves the goal of transferring AC energy from the power supply to the negative load by the power supply and change the AC voltage. Usually connected to power supply is called the primary winding, and the winding connected to the load is called the secondary winding.This is the working principle of transformer. This is how a transformer works. Main components A transformer’s main components consist of three parts. Firstly, the magnetic circuit, which is the iron core section of the transformer. Secondly, the electrical circuit, which comprises the winding section commonly referred to as coils. Thirdly, the cooling system, which, for dry transformers, includes fans, and for oil-immersed transformers, encompasses transformer oil, cooling fins, cooling water, and fans used for transformer cooling. Additionally, accessories are included, with dry-type transformers featuring items like temperature control and display systems, insulators, and busbar clamps, while oil-immersed transformers include components such as tap changers, high and low-pressure bushings, moisture absorbers, and gas relays.

An oil-filled transformer, also known as an oil-immersed transformer, is a type of electrical transformer that uses liquid insulating oil as a cooling and insulating medium. This type of transformer consists of a core, primary and secondary windings, and an insulating oil that surrounds and cools the windings. The insulating oil serves several important functions in an oil-filled transformer: Cooling: The oil helps dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the transformer. It absorbs the heat from the windings and transfers it to the transformer tank, where it can be released into the environment. Insulation: The oil provides insulation between the windings and the transformer’s core, preventing electrical breakdown and ensuring safe operation. Arc Suppression: In case of internal faults or short circuits, the insulating oil helps suppress the formation of electrical arcs and reduces the risk of fire or damage. Pressure Relief: The insulating oil can expand and contract with temperature changes. To prevent excessive pressure buildup within the transformer, a pressure relief device or conservator tank is often used. While oil-filled transformers have been widely used for many years due to their effective cooling and insulating properties, they do have certain disadvantages, such as the potential for oil leaks, environmental concerns related to oil disposal, and the fire risk associated with oil-filled equipment. These disadvantages have led to the development of alternative transformer technologies like dry-type transformers, which eliminate the need for liquid cooling and insulating mediums.